Thursday, December 22, 2011

Hanukkah or Hannuka or Chanuka: 101

This time of year, we get lots of questions about how we handle “the Holidays” at our house, and as Maggie gets older, it’s becoming more important that we have a clear answer.  We celebrate Christmas in our house, but we also observe the tradition and custom of Hanukkah.  Arnie and I have always lit the candles together and said the blessings, but as Maggie is forming her own religious identity it’s more important than ever to me, that I be able to explain things to her and help her make sense of them.

She understands that Christians celebrate Christmas and Jews celebrate Hanukkah, she regularly asks “is he/she a Christmas or a Hanukkah?”  Yesterday she and I talked about Hanukkah and I said, “Jesus even celebrated Hanukkah.” Well that brought about all kinds of confusion (who can blame her) and she quickly responded with “but mom, Jesus is Christmas, it’s his Birthday!”  So we talked a little bit about how Jesus was Jewish. That idea is going to take her awhile to catch on to.  
Anyway, back to my Hanukkah lesson- I’ve been compiling information about different Jewish Holidays and customs and how they are intertwined with my own Christian beliefs and customs.  I really knew very little about what Hanukkah was, other than that we lit 8 candles because the oil in the temple lasted 8 days.  There is WAY more to the story….so here is the cliffs notes (or 3 year old) version.  (As with lots of things that happened thousands of years ago, there are several versions of this story, I tried to take the pieces that would make the most sense to Maggie and that were easiest to understand and piece them together….so forgive me if this doesn’t go right along with the story you were told as a child).

In about 165 B.C. , this time period technically falls between the writing of the old and new testaments of the bible,  Israel was ruled by Antiochus, he wanted the Jews to quit worshiping God and start worshiping  Greek Gods, he gave the Jews a hard time for several years and was a real jerk. At some point during his rule, he placed a statue of Zeus in the temple and he slaughtered a pig (thought of as REALLY unclean to the Jews) on the altar. There was a very devout Jewish family, with 5 sons, named the Maccabees.  The Maccabee boys created their own army and went to defeat Antiochus and his army. The Maccabee army was successful at winning back the temple. Once they won, they spent 8 days scrubbing, cleaning and rededicating the temple. When they started cleaning the temple they could only find enough oil to burn the lamps while they worked for one day, and that little bit of oil lasted the entire 8 days they needed.  In Hebrew the word Hanukkah means dedication. In John 10:22, Jesus is taking part in the Festival of Dedication, this festival later became known as Hanukkah.  So really it’s more about the cleansing and rededication of the temple then the candles….but who wants to clean for 8 days??? 

Our observance of Hanukkah includes lighting the menorah and saying 2 blessings.  Candles are added to the menorah from right to left, with an additional candle being added every day.  Some might be confused because there are usually 9 candles in a Menorah, usually the center candle is the “helper” candle or the candle used to light all the others.  In our house we blow out the helper candle every night and reuse it the next, then on the last night of Hanukkah we let it burn all the way out with the other 8 candles.

We recite both of the blessings below.  In our house we recite them in Hebrew, (yes, I do know at least that much Hebrew), though this year I think we will do them in both Hebrew and English because Maggie won’t understand the Hebrew.  Maybe next year she’ll be old enough to start learning them.
Blessing 1
Blessed are You, Lord our God, Ruler of the universe, who has sanctified us with Your commandments, and has commanded us to kindle the lights of Hanukkah.
Blessing 2
Blessed are you, Lord our God, Ruler of the universe, who wrought miracles for our fathers in days of old, at this season.

Some other notes about Hanukkah-
·         Gift-giving was not historically a traditional part of the holiday, but has been added in places where Jews have a lot of contact with Christians. The only traditional gift of the holiday is "gelt," small amounts of money.  (Sometimes given to children in the form of chocolate coins….that’s why there are so many more chocolate coins available in stores this time of year.)

·         When we have our annual Hanukkah dinner with Dick and Betti, we always have latkas, they’re basically fired hashbrown cakes.  Based on what I can figure out, I think latkas became a traditional Hanukkah food because of the significance of oil to the holiday and of course oil is used to fry the latkas…..I could be wrong here, and I have NO idea where the tradition of putting either applesauce or sour cream on the latkas comes from.

·         Another tradition of the holiday is playing dreidel, a gambling game played with a square top. Most people play for matchsticks, pennies, M&Ms or chocolate coins. The traditional explanation of this game is that during the time of Antiochus' oppression, those who wanted to study Torah (an illegal activity) would conceal their activity by playing gambling games with a top (a common and legal activity) whenever an official or inspector was within sight.

A dreidel is marked with four Hebrew letters: Nun, Gimel, Hei and Shin. These letters stand for the Hebrew phrase "Nes Gadol Hayah Sham", a great miracle happened there, referring to the miracle of the oil.

The letters also stand for the Yiddish words nit (nothing), gantz (all), halb (half) and shtell (put), which are the rules of the game! There are some variations in the way people play the game, but the gist is everyone puts in one coin. A person spins the dreidel. If it lands on Nun, nothing happens; on Gimel, you get the whole pot; on Hei, you get half of the pot; and on Shin, you put one in. When the pot is empty, everybody puts one in. Keep playing until one person has everything.

We wish all of our family a very Happy Hanukkah! 

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